Loose-leaf binder.



"No; 357,254. PATENTED JUNE 18', 1907.

J. L. MOMILLAN. LOOSE LEAF BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11,1906.

" UN E FPF LoosE-LEAF' BINDER; I i

no; 857,254. I I

To-(all: 12:7 .0 72/7115 ntwyconcerh'i i Be-it known that rum-N L. MGMILLXN, a

citizen: of-the- United States, residing'at Syracuse, in thecountybf 'Onondaga'and State oflNew York; have invented certain new and useful Improvemehts' in Loose-Leaf Binders,

'' of which the follov'ving'is a specification.

tion through a portion of the binder mechanism, a perspective'view of the cap or co ver-Plat'e-fo'r-said mechanlsm'; Figs. 6 and 7, sideland top viewed the impaling ring joint and Fig.8, a perspective view'of one: of the-springs employedto retain the impaL ing rings inftheir' opened or their closed posi tionfasrequired.

The purpose of this invention is to produce a-simple and "eflicient device which may be manufactured at small cost, and which shall :operateeasily andmaintain he impal ing ring's in'their opened andclose positions with certainty. e V

Referringa'gain to the} drawings, A and B indicate cover-boards of any suitable character, which may be made in one iece with or attachedto' an intermediat'e'bac member 0.

D"'indi cates aconcavomonvex stay or'stifienerfor the" "back, 1 preferably of rigid sheet metal, but which may be of' other suitable material, and secured inan'y convenient way to the back-(3.1 7

E indicates a lining or j facing, which may be of leather, cloth, or other sultable flexible material, and whichis in the-preferred con struction of the binder carried over the inner faces of the cover-boards and of the stay or stiffener D, being also preferably carried about the edges of said stay and somewhatunder the same, as'indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and This lining may, however, be omitted or I may be applied only to the co ver-boards, but itserves, when used, to improve the appeara ee of the binderand also to strengthen the 55 l a 'tachment of the stay or stifi'ener.- The @L N GIT-Flea. f

John L, MQMILLAN, or SYRACUSE, Yon-K Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed -T\1h911,1906. s riallio; 321,257,? T e one side and .capabl'e'of bei the members a, b ofqthe iin .aliiiig flng's G roclc Way between the re s c m 'with notches'ft 0 al Patented Jane 18,, 1.907.

lining is cemented ver, oards andstay or stiffener. I, I

F indicatesfa troug 'hap'ed the impaling rings' G l ringsconsistof two members a and .b, hin e jointedat A heel or sep 'v arated at the other side, as' fcorninonin this 3 class of binders; -'l h' e" support its longi tudinal edges'inturned urled oyer'to iorrm barrels which receive p *ods". 'c o n whichl or swing when bein opened or closed like support F are "the 1 n l 's -flbyjwliichthe. members a, b are connected, a siiigle 'rod'or wire (I passing throughfthefsei eral sets of H ring members and constituting 'a -pi'vot or I joint pin forall, a will referring to Fig. 1

Itis desirable that rin s G be prevented and with this end in v l5. eo lupq as shown-in Figsifi arid p v ,e are knuckle-3 nits, hjavmgstopfaees e. and f,

fthe engagement of which withfe'aeh other, limits the opening of t rings, a s se'en in:

The rings G are fh ta'nces apart and-arep by being seated in ,Ilotehes out 9 of the sup ort F, plate H- of t eform is sprung into the trough-like membei l, 2 and. 3,1and

rings G in" opening" a nal movement 'of"the cover-plate I-I eluded by so s? the i the slots or notches happen made fast to the stayor time i venient way, as, for tubular rivets 11-, Fig

I indicates a spr ng. tened 1601 with he parallel or substa other for a distance a and downward, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 8. ,The space between the parallel faces 01* the members It is made somewhat narrower than thethickness of rod or wire (Z, which can therefore be passed through said space only when some appreciable or'considerable time is applied for the purpose. In practice I employ, preferably, as many springs I 5 whatever positionit may be given through as there areimpaling rings G, said springs 'springs, I may vary and in practice from being placed in the trough-like support F, with their'flattened loops j resting upon the bottom of the trough and the outer or free ends of their branches ext-endin to and resting upon the barrels g of sai support, or extending nearly thereto. The number of one upward may be employed. When the cap or cover-plate H is applied, it bears upon the u per convex faces of the branches'k and thus holds the springs firmly in place.

The relation of the springs, the pivot-rods c and the hinge-rod (1 will be seen and understood uponreference to Figs. 2 and 3. In Fig. 2 the parts are in the, position which they occupy when the ringsare closed, the rod or wire d being then'in' the flattened. loop 3' and just at themouth of the parallel walled passage between the branches of the spring.

In Fig. 3 the rings are shown opened or separated and the rod (1 has forced apart the parallel walls of the branches 7c of the spring and passed upward to a point where the branches begin to curve outward or away from each other. The resilience of 'the springs tends to hold the rod or wire (I in .the opening or closing of the rings. Owing to the leverage afforded by the longer outer arms of the members a, b, as compared with their inner arms, adequate power can be applied readily to force the rod or wire d through-the narrowpassage from one position to the other. v The construction thus set forth is at once simple, cheap and efficient, and all the parts can be produced by machinery rapidly and at small ex ense,

The stay or stiflener D is not essential and may be omitted. Its use/is, however, quite desirable since it giv'esgreater strength and stiffness and better form to the back, and serves also as an additional stop to limitthe opening of the rings G, the members a, b, 'of' which when fully opened engage with or rest upon the edges of said stay, as indicated in Fig. 3.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaimis:-'

1. The herein-described [binder comprising a back and cover-boards, aistifi'ener secured thereto; a trough-like support secured to said stiffener;'rings G comprising members a, b pivotally mounted upon said sup port; rod or wire d passing through proximate ends of sai d ring members and forming a hinge or joint therefor; a spring located within the ring support and having a narrow passage for the rod d between opposing walls or faces; and a cap-plateHapplied to said supportand serving to retain the spring therein.

I 2. In a loose-leaf hinder the combination with a suitable support, of divided rings the members of which are independently pivoted in said support; a rod or wire assing through the overlapping ends of sair members at a point between their pivotal supports; and a spring holding-device for maintaining the ring members in their opened and closed positions, said ]'1oldingdevice having a narrow passageway for the rod formed by yielding or resilient walls, said passageway being widened at those points to which the rod or wire is carried when the rings are fully opened or fully closed.

' 3. v In a loose-leaf hinder the combination with a cover and suitable support, of impaling rings, each comprising two members hinged or jointed together at one end and independently pivoted in the support, said members having a kn uckle-jointwhereb-y the extent of their openin; is limited and determined.

- 4. In a loose-leaf hinder the combination with a cover and a suitable support attached thereto, of rings each comprising two members hinged together at one end and pivotally mounted in the support and a spring arranged to bear againstthe pivotpin or rod connecting the ends of the rings and to hold the same in the differentpositions to which it is moved in theact of opening and closing the rings.

5. In a loose-leaf binder, in combination with a suitable support, impaling rings,G, each comprising two members a, b pivotally mounted in said support; a hinge-rod or wire (Z connecting proximate ends of said rings; anqla spring. I having flattened loop 3', and branches 7r extending from said loop in substantially parallel planes and in close proximity, and thence branching or curving outward, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to'this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JOHN L. MQMILLAN. Witnesses:

C. M. DE CLERoo, E. I. MORAN. 

